FINANÇAS DIGITAIS ESG: DESAFIOS DO FINANCIAMENTO RESPONSÁVEL NO USO DE INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E SMART CONTRACTS
Palavras-chave:
ASG; RSE; direitos humanos; fintech; mercado financeiro, mercado de capitais; blockchain; contratos inteligentes; inteligência artificial.Resumo
Nas transformações digitais das últimas décadas, novas formas de recursos financeiros à população, a empresas e a governos invariavelmente passam pela avaliação de impactos sobre os direitos fundamentais e sobre os direitos humanos. De um lado, a questão da governança pública e privada pressiona o setor financeiro internacional em alinhamento aos ODS-2030 da ONU, a exemplo do “Equator Principles”. De outro lado, a responsabilidade social de investidores, presente em documentos como o “Principles for Responsible Investment”. O objetivo da pesquisa é oferecer uma visão atualizada das repercussões das tecnologias digitais no financiamento responsável e suas relações com a descentralização das finanças para democratização do crédito. Em correlação com esse objetivo, busca-se especialmente analisar os impactos das tecnologias de inteligência artificial (IA) presentes em “smart contracts” atualmente em operação no setor. Em que medida tais tecnologias contribuem ou ameaçam a efetivação das metas ESG? A questão passa mercado de empréstimos ao consumidor via plataformas peer-to-peer e outros mecanismos “fintech” que se tornar vitais para os objetivos ESG e para o desenvolvimento econômico e social e a redução de miséria, porém podem também somar inúmeros riscos aos direitos humanos no uso descuidado de IA e “smart contracts”. A metodologia de análise de artigos e doutrina nacional e internacional procura identificar claramente esses riscos como um importante desafio para o setor financeiro em geral e no mercado de capitais. A conclusão esperada é identificar as principais tendências em responsabilidade social empresarial do setor financeiro e sua defendida harmonização com os direitos humanos na era digital.Referências
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